An buga a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 2024 ta Yidan Zhong
Menene ƙarin filastik?
Ƙarin robobi sune mahaɗan halitta ko na roba waɗanda ba na halitta ba ko na halitta waɗanda ke canza halayen robobi masu tsabta ko ƙara sabbin halaye. Masu kera suna haɗa resin tare da masters na ƙari a cikin takamaiman rabo bisa ga buƙatun samfurin, sannan su samar da kayayyaki daban-daban. Bayan sarrafawa ta hanyar siminti, matsi, ƙira, da sauransu, haɗin farko yana ɗaukar siffar da ake so.
Haɗa ƙarin abubuwa daban-daban da ƙwayoyin filastik na iya haifar da wasu halaye ga robobi, kamar ƙara tauri, ingantaccen rufi, da kuma ƙarewa mai sheƙi. Ƙara ƙarin abubuwa a cikin robobi ba wai kawai yana sa abubuwan filastik su yi sauƙi ba, har ma yana inganta launinsu, wanda hakan ke sa samfurin ya fi aminci ga masu amfani. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kashi 90% nakayayyakin filastikAna amfani da ƙarin abubuwa a duk duniya, domin filastik mai tsabta gabaɗaya ba shi da tauri, juriya, da ƙarfi. Dole ne a haɗa ƙarin abubuwa don sanya filastik ya daɗe a ƙarƙashin mawuyacin yanayi.
Waɗanne ƙarin filastik ne suka fi yawa a yau?
1. Ƙarin abubuwan hana toshewa (maganin hana mannewa)
Mannewa na iya yin mummunan tasiri ga sarrafa fim da aikace-aikacensa, wani lokacin yana sa fim ɗin ya zama mara amfani. Ƙarin abubuwan hana toshewa suna tausasa saman fim ɗin don ƙirƙirar tasirin shimfiɗawa, rage hulɗa tsakanin fina-finai da hana su mannewa tare.
Dole ne magungunan hana toshewa su kasance masu tasiri sosai, tare da inganci da kwanciyar hankali mai inganci, ba su da wani tasiri ko kaɗan akan aikin fim, musamman a cikin fina-finan LLDPE da LDPE. Sau da yawa ana amfani da magungunan hana toshewa tare da magungunan zamewa don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau na sarrafawa don fina-finai.
Sinadaran da aka fi amfani da su wajen ƙarawa sinadaran hana toshewa sun haɗa da silica ta roba (SiO2) kamar silica mai hayaƙi, silica gel, da zeolite, ko kuma sinadari na halitta da ma'adinai kamar yumbu, ƙasa mai kama da diatomaceous, quartz, da talc. Kayan roba suna da fa'idar rashin zama mai lu'ulu'u (guje wa ƙurar alli), yayin da kayan halitta ke buƙatar kulawa ta musamman don rage ƙura.
2. Wakilai masu bayyana abubuwa
A lokacin sarrafawa, abubuwa kamar cikawa ko filastik da aka sake yin amfani da shi na iya rage bayyanannen samfurin. Abubuwan da ke bayyana abubuwa suna ba da mafita, suna ƙara sheƙi yayin da suke rage farashin masana'antu.
Masu bayyana abubuwa na iya inganta haske a ƙananan farashi yayin da suke ba da damar samun riba ta hanyar rage lokacin zagayowar da kuma tanadin kuzari. Ba sa yin mummunan tasiri ga walda, mannewa, ko wasu ayyukan sarrafawa.
3. Masu cika filastik
Ana amfani da babban tsarin cika filastik, wanda aka fi sani da calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a masana'antar filastik don gyara halayen resins ko polymer resins, wanda ke rage farashin samfura.
Cakuda foda na dutse, ƙarin abubuwa, da kuma babban resin ana narkar da shi zuwa resin ruwa sannan a sanyaya shi ya zama granules, wanda daga nan ake haɗa shi da filastik da ba a sarrafa ba don aiwatarwa kamar ƙera busa, juyawa, da kuma ƙera allura don samar da samfuran filastik.
A fannin sarrafa filastik na PP, abubuwa kamar raguwa da warping galibi suna shafar ingancin samfura. Abubuwan da ke taurarewa suna taimakawa wajen hanzarta ƙera samfura, rage warping, da inganta bayyana gaskiya. Suna kuma rage tsawon lokacin latsawa, suna ƙara ingancin samarwa.
4. Masu daidaita UV (ƙara UV)
Hasken ultraviolet na iya karya alaƙar polymers, yana haifar da lalacewar sinadarai masu ɗauke da ...
5. Ƙarin abubuwan da ke hana tsayuwa
A lokacin sarrafawa, ƙwayoyin filastik suna samar da wutar lantarki mai tsauri, wanda ke jawo ƙura zuwa saman. Ƙarin abubuwan hana tsatsa suna rage ƙarfin saman fim ɗin, suna inganta aminci da rage tarin ƙura.
Nau'i:
Magungunan hana tsatsa marasa ɗorewa: sinadarai masu kariya daga saman fata, gishirin halitta, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol
Masu hana tsatsauran ra'ayi masu ɗorewa: polyhydroxy polyamines (PHPA), polyalkyl copolymers
6. Ƙarin abubuwan hana yin burodi
Fina-finai galibi suna mannewa saboda ƙarfin mannewa, caji mai akasin haka, ko ƙarfin injin tsotsa, wanda hakan ke sa ya yi wuya a raba su. Ƙarin abubuwan hana cake suna taurare saman fim ɗin don ba da damar iska ta hana taruwa. Wasu lokuta na musamman sun haɗa da abubuwan hana taruwa don hana taruwar caji.
7. Ƙarin abubuwan hana harshen wuta
Roba yana da matuƙar sauƙin kamawa saboda tsarin ƙwayoyin carbon ɗinsu. Masu hana harshen wuta suna inganta juriyar wuta ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin kamar samar da yadudduka masu kariya ko kashe ƙwayoyin cuta masu guba.
Abubuwan hana harshen wuta na yau da kullun:
Masu hana harshen wuta ta halogenated
Abubuwan da aka samo daga DOPO
Inorganic: aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), jan phosphorus
Organic: phosphates
8. Ƙarin abubuwan hana hazo
Maganin hana hayaki yana hana ruwa taruwa a saman fim ɗin filastik a cikin nau'in ɗigon ruwa, wanda aka saba gani a cikin marufi na abinci da aka adana a cikin firiji ko gidajen kore. Waɗannan sinadarai suna kiyaye tsabta kuma suna hana hazo.
Magungunan hana hazo na yau da kullun:
Polylactic acid (PLA)
Lanxess AF DP1-1701
9. Masu haskakawa na gani
Ana amfani da na'urorin haskakawa na gani, waɗanda aka fi sani da masu launin haske mai haske, don shanye hasken UV da kuma fitar da haske mai gani, wanda hakan ke ƙara kyawun kamannin kayayyakin filastik. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen rage canza launi, musamman a cikin robobi da aka sake yin amfani da su, wanda ke sa launuka su yi haske da haske.
Masu haskaka haske na gani na yau da kullun: OB-1, OB, KCB, FP (127), KSN, KB.
10. Ƙarin abubuwan da ke tallafawa lalata ƙwayoyin halitta
Roba yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin ya ruɓe, wanda hakan ke haifar da ƙalubale ga muhalli. Ƙarin abubuwan da ke ƙara lalacewa ta hanyar halittu, kamar Reverte, suna taimakawa wajen hanzarta lalacewar filastik a ƙarƙashin tasirin muhalli kamar iskar oxygen, hasken rana, da zafin jiki.
Waɗannan ƙarin abubuwa suna taimakawa wajen canza robobi marasa lalacewa zuwa kayan da za su iya lalacewa, kamar halittu na halitta kamar ganye ko shuke-shuke, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga dorewar muhalli.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-27-2024
