Published on September 27, 2024 los ntawm Yidan Zhong
Plastic additives yog dab tsi?
Yas additives yog ntuj los yog hluavtaws inorganic lossis organic tebchaw uas hloov cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yas ntshiab los yog ntxiv cov khoom tshiab. Cov neeg tsim khoom sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov masterbatches ntxiv rau hauv cov kev faib ua feem raws li cov khoom xav tau, tom qab ntawd tsim ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Tom qab ua tiav los ntawm kev casting, compression, molding, thiab lwm yam, qhov sib tov pib siv cov duab uas xav tau.
Kev sib xyaw cov khoom sib txawv nrog cov yas granules tuaj yeem muab ntau yam khoom rau cov yas, xws li nce toughness, zoo rwb thaiv tsev, thiab glossy tiav. Ntxiv cov additives rau plastics tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov khoom yas sib zog tab sis kuj txhim kho lawv cov xim, ua rau cov khoom lag luam txhim khu kev qha rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov no yog vim li cas 90% ntawmcov khoom yasthoob ntiaj teb siv cov khoom siv ntxiv, vim tias cov yas ntshiab feem ntau tsis muaj qhov toughness, durability, thiab lub zog. Cov additives yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw ua kom cov yas nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav.
Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv yas ntau tshaj plaws niaj hnub no?
1. Anti-blocking additives (anti-adhesive)
Adhesion tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab kev siv, qee zaum ua rau cov yeeb yaj kiab siv tsis tau. Anti-blocking additives roughen cov zaj duab xis nto los tsim cov nyhuv stretching, txo kev sib cuag ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev thaiv yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj kev ntseeg tau zoo thiab ruaj khov, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv LLDPE thiab LDPE films. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaiv feem ntau yog siv nrog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm plam los tsim qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo rau cov yeeb yaj kiab.
Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaiv cov khoom muaj xws li hluavtaws silica (SiO2) xws li fumed silica, gel silica, thiab zeolite, los yog ntuj thiab ntxhia SiO2 zoo li av nplaum, diatomaceous ntiaj teb, quartz, thiab talc. Cov khoom siv hluavtaws muaj qhov zoo ntawm tsis yog crystalline (tsis txhob chalky plua plav), thaum cov ntaub ntawv ntuj xav tau kev kho tshwj xeeb los txo cov plua plav.
2. Cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia meej
Thaum lub sij hawm ua, yam xws li muab tub lim lossis cov yas rov ua dua tuaj yeem txo cov khoom pob tshab. Clarifying agents muab kev daws teeb meem, ua kom cov khoom gloss thaum txo cov nqi tsim khoom.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia meej tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom tseeb ntawm tus nqi qis thaum muab cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm kev txo lub sijhawm voj voog thiab txuag hluav taws xob. Lawv tsis cuam tshuam rau vuam, adhesion, lossis lwm yam kev ua yeeb yam.
3. Yas muab tub lim
Yas muab tub lim masterbatch, feem ntau raws li calcium carbonate (CaCO3), yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam yas los hloov cov yam ntxwv ntawm resins los yog polymer resins, txo cov nqi khoom.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm pob zeb hmoov, additives, thiab thawj cob yog melted rau hauv cov kua resin thiab txias rau hauv granules, uas yog ces tov nrog raw cov ntaub ntawv rau cov txheej txheem xws li tshuab molding, spinning, thiab txhaj tshuaj molding los tsim cov khoom yas.
Hauv kev ua ntawm PP yas, yam xws li shrinkage thiab warping feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov khoom zoo. Hardening agents pab ceev cov khoom molding, txo warping, thiab txhim kho pob tshab. Lawv kuj shorten xovxwm cycles, txhim khu ntau lawm efficiency.
4. UV stabilizers (UV additives)
Lub teeb ultraviolet tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov ntawv cog lus hauv polymers, ua rau photochemical degradation thiab ua rau chalking, discoloration, thiab lub cev khoom poob. UV stabilizers zoo li hindered amine teeb stabilizers (HALS) neutralize dawb radicals lub luag hauj lwm rau degradation, yog li ncua cov khoom lifespan.
5. Anti-static additives
Thaum lub sij hawm ua, yas granules tsim hluav taws xob zoo li qub, nyiam cov plua plav rau saum npoo. Anti-static additives txo tus nqi ntawm zaj duab xis saum npoo, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab txo cov plua plav.
Hom:
Anti-statics tsis ruaj khov: cov neeg ua haujlwm saum npoo av, cov ntsev organic, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol
Kev tiv thaiv zoo li qub: polyhydroxy polyamines (PHPA), polyalkyl copolymer
6. Anti-caking additives
Cov yeeb yaj kiab feem ntau lo ua ke vim yog cov nplaum nplaum, cov nqi sib txawv, lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cais lawv. Anti-caking additives roughen zaj duab xis nto kom huab cua tiv thaiv clumping. Qee qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb suav nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo li qub los tiv thaiv kev tsim nqi.
7. nplaim retardant additives
Cov yas yog cov nplaim taws heev vim lawv cov qauv carbon-chain molecular. Cov nplaim hluav taws zoo txhim kho hluav taws kub los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv lossis tua cov dawb radicals.
Common nplaim retardants:
Halogenated nplaim retardants
DOPO derivatives
Inorganic: txhuas hydroxide (Al (OH) 3), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2), liab phosphorus
Organic: phosphates
8. Anti-fog additives
Anti-fogging agents tiv thaiv dej los ntawm condensing nyob rau saum npoo ntawm yas zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tee, uas yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntim cia nyob rau hauv lub tub yees los yog greenhouses. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm no tswj kom meej meej thiab tiv thaiv fogging.
Common anti-fog agents:
PLA (polylactic acid)
Lanxess AF DP1-1701
9. Optical brighteners
Optical brighteners, tseem hu ua fluorescent whiteners, feem ntau yog siv los nqus UV lub teeb thiab emit pom lub teeb, txhim kho cov tsos ntawm cov khoom yas. Qhov no yuav pab txo kom tsis txhob muaj xim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov yas siv dua tshiab, ua kom cov xim ci dua thiab muaj zog dua.
Common optical brighteners: OB-1, OB, KCB, FP (127), KSN, KB.
10. Biodegradation txhawb nqa additives
Plastics siv sij hawm ntev los decompose, tsim teeb meem ib puag ncig. Biodegradation additives, zoo li Reverte, pab ua kom cov yas degradation nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig cuam tshuam xws li oxygen, tshav ntuj, thiab kub.
Cov additives no pab hloov cov yas uas tsis yog biodegradable rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable, zoo ib yam li cov khoom ntuj xws li nplooj lossis cov nroj tsuag, pab txhawb rau ib puag ncig sustainability.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-27-2024