Mabotolo a zakumwa ndi mabotolo osinthidwa a PET osakanikirana ndi polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) kapena mabotolo amtundu wa PET ndi thermoplastic polyarylate.Amagawidwa ngati mabotolo otentha ndipo amatha kupirira kutentha pamwamba pa 85 ° C;mabotolo amadzi ndi ozizira Mabotolo, palibe zofunika pa kutentha kukana.Botolo lotentha limafanana ndi botolo lozizira popanga.
1. Zida
Pakadali pano, omwe amapanga makina owumba a PET amatumiza makamaka kuchokera ku SIDEL yaku France, KRONES yaku Germany, ndi Fujian Quanguan yaku China.Ngakhale opanga ndi osiyana, mfundo za zida zawo ndizofanana, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo magawo asanu akuluakulu: makina opangira ma billet, makina otenthetsera, makina owombera mabotolo, makina owongolera ndi makina othandizira.
2. Kuwomba akamaumba ndondomeko
Njira yopangira botolo la PET.
Zinthu zofunika zomwe zimakhudza njira yopangira botolo la PET ndi preform, kutentha, kuwomba kusanachitike, nkhungu ndi malo opanga.
2.1 Kukonzekera
Pokonzekera mabotolo owumbidwa, tchipisi ta PET timapanga jakisoni woyamba kukhala ma preforms.Zimafunikira kuti gawo lazinthu zachiwiri zomwe zapezedwa sizingakhale zokwera kwambiri (zosakwana 5%), kuchuluka kwa nthawi zochira sikungapitirire kawiri, ndipo kulemera kwa maselo ndi kukhuthala sikungakhale kotsika kwambiri (mamolekyu olemera 31000- 50000, kukhuthala kwamkati 0.78 -0.85cm3/g).Malinga ndi National Food Safety Law, zida zobwezeretsanso zachiwiri sizigwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya ndi mankhwala.Jekeseni kuumbidwa preforms angagwiritsidwe ntchito mpaka 24h.Zokonzekera zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo potenthetsa ziyenera kusungidwa kwa maola oposa 48 kuti zitenthedwenso.Nthawi yosungiramo preforms sichitha kupitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Ubwino wa preform umadalira kwambiri pamtundu wa zinthu za PET.Zida zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kutupa komanso zosavuta kupanga ziyenera kusankhidwa, ndipo ndondomeko yoyenera yopangira preform iyenera kuchitidwa.Kuyesera kwawonetsa kuti ma preforms opangidwa kuchokera kunja opangidwa ndi zida za PET okhala ndi mamasukidwe ofanana ndi osavuta kuwomba nkhungu kuposa zida zapakhomo;pamene mtanda womwewo wa preforms ali ndi masiku osiyanasiyana opanga, ndondomeko yowumba nkhonya ingakhalenso yosiyana kwambiri.Ubwino wa preform umatsimikizira zovuta za nkhonya akamaumba ndondomeko.Zofunikira pa preform ndi chiyero, kuwonekera, palibe zonyansa, palibe mtundu, komanso kutalika kwa jekeseni ndi halo yozungulira.
2.2 Kutentha
Kutentha kwa preform kumatsirizidwa ndi ng'anjo yotentha, kutentha komwe kumayikidwa pamanja ndikusinthidwa mwachangu.Mu ng'anjo, nyali yakutali ya infrared imalengeza kuti infrared yakutali imatenthetsa preform, ndipo chowotcha pansi pa ng'anjo chimazungulira kutentha kuti kutentha mkati mwa uvuni ukhale wofanana.The preforms atembenuza pamodzi mu kuyenda patsogolo mu uvuni, kuti makoma a preforms ndi usavutike mtima uniformly.
Kuyika kwa nyali mu uvuni nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana ndi "zone" kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, ndi malekezero ambiri ndi ochepa pakati.Kutentha kwa ng'anjo kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kutseguka kwa nyali, kutentha kwathunthu, mphamvu ya uvuni ndi kutentha kwa gawo lililonse.Kutsegula kwa chubu la nyali kuyenera kusinthidwa pamodzi ndi botolo lowombera kale.
Kuti ng'anjo igwire ntchito bwino, kusintha kwa kutalika kwake, mbale yozizirira, ndi zina zotero ndizofunika kwambiri.Ngati kusinthako sikuli kolondola, n'zosavuta kutupa pakamwa pa botolo (pakamwa pa botolo kumakhala kwakukulu) ndi mutu ndi khosi lolimba (chinthu cha pakhosi sichingatsegulidwe) panthawi yowombera ndi zolakwika zina.
2.3 Kuwombatu
Kuwomba chisanadze ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri mu njira ziwiri zowomba mabotolo.Zimatanthawuza kuwomba kusanachitike komwe kumayamba pomwe chojambula chimatsikira panthawi yakuwomba, kuti preform ipangidwe.Pochita izi, kuyang'ana kusanayambe kuwomba, kuwomba kusanachitike komanso kuwomba koyenda ndi zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri.
Maonekedwe a mawonekedwe a botolo asanayambe kuphulika amatsimikizira kuvutika kwa njira yopangira kuwombera ndi ubwino wa ntchito ya botolo.Maonekedwe abwinobwino a botolo asanayambe kuwomba amakhala ngati spindle, ndipo zosawoneka bwino zimaphatikizapo mawonekedwe a belu laling'ono ndi mawonekedwe a chogwirira.Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osazolowereka ndi kutentha kosayenera kwa m'deralo, kusakwanira kwapang'onopang'ono kusanayambe kuwomba kapena kuwomba, ndi zina zotero.Popanga, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mabotolo onse omwe asanayambe kuwomba pazida zonse ziyenera kukhala zofanana.Ngati pali kusiyana, zifukwa zatsatanetsatane ziyenera kupezeka.Kuwotcha kapena kuwomba kusanachitike kungasinthidwe molingana ndi momwe botolo lisanachitike.
Kukula kwa kuthamanga kusanayambe kuwomba kumasiyana ndi kukula kwa botolo ndi mphamvu ya zipangizo.Nthawi zambiri, mphamvuyo ndi yayikulu ndipo kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kochepa.Zidazi zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zopangira komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kusanayambe kuwomba.
2.4 Makina othandizira ndi nkhungu
Makina othandizira makamaka amatanthauza zida zomwe zimasunga kutentha kwa nkhungu nthawi zonse.Kutentha kosalekeza kwa nkhungu kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posungira kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa.Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa thupi la botolo kumakhala kokwera, ndipo kutentha kwa botolo kumakhala kochepa.Kwa mabotolo ozizira, chifukwa kuziziritsa pansi kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ma cell, ndi bwino kuwongolera kutentha kwa 5-8 ° C;ndipo kutentha pansi pa botolo lotentha ndipamwamba kwambiri.
2.5 Zachilengedwe
Ubwino wa chilengedwe chopanga umathandizanso kwambiri pakusintha kwadongosolo.Kutentha kokhazikika kumatha kukhalabe kukhazikika kwa njirayo komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa.Kumangirira kwa botolo la PET nthawi zambiri kumakhala bwino kutentha komanso chinyezi chochepa.
3. Zofunikira zina
Botolo loponderezedwa liyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezetsa kupsinjika ndi kuyesa kupanikizika pamodzi.Kuyesa kupsinjika ndikupewa kusweka ndi kutayikira kwa unyolo wa maselo panthawi yolumikizana pakati pa botolo ndi mafuta odzola (alkaline) pakudzaza botolo la PET.Kuyesa kukakamiza ndikupewa kudzazidwa kwa botolo.Kuwongolera kwabwino mutatha kuphulika mugasi wina wopanikizika.Kuti akwaniritse zosowa ziwirizi, makulidwe apakati apakati ayenera kuyendetsedwa munjira inayake.Zomwe zimachitika ndikuti malo apakati ndi ochepa, kuyesa kupsinjika ndikwabwino, ndipo kukana kukakamiza kumakhala koyipa;malo apakati ndi okhuthala, kuyezetsa kupanikizika ndikwabwino, ndipo mayeso opsinjika ndi otsika.Zoonadi, zotsatira za mayeso opsinjika maganizo zimagwirizananso kwambiri ndi kudzikundikira kwa zinthu m'malo osinthika kuzungulira malo apakati, zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi zochitika zenizeni.
4. Mapeto
Kusintha kwa njira yopangira botolo la PET kumatengera zomwe zikugwirizana.Ngati deta ili yosauka, zofunikira za ndondomekoyi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuwomba mabotolo oyenerera.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-09-2020