Polyethylene (PE)
1. Ukusebenza kwePE
I-PE yiplastiki eveliswa kakhulu phakathi kweeplastiki, kunye noxinano malunga ne-0.94g / cm3. Ibonakala ngokuba iyaguquguquka, ithambile, ayinatyhefu, inexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye kulula ukuyiqhuba. I-PE yi-polymer ye-crystalline eqhelekileyo kwaye ine-post-shrinkage phenomenon. Zininzi iintlobo zayo, eziqhele ukusetyenziswa yi-LDPE ethambileyo (eyaziwa ngokuba yirabha ethambileyo okanye imathiriyeli yeentyatyambo), iHDPE eyaziwa ngokuba yirabha ethambileyo eqinileyo, enzima kune-LDPE, inokuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubi kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu. ; I-LLDPE inentsebenzo egqwesileyo kakhulu, efana neeplastiki zobunjineli. I-PE inokumelana neekhemikhali ezilungileyo, akukho lula ukubola, kwaye kunzima ukuyiprinta. Umphezulu kufuneka ufakwe i-oxidized phambi kokushicilela.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwePER
I-HDPE: ukupakisha iingxowa zeplastiki, iimfuno zemihla ngemihla, iiemele, iingcingo, iithoyi, izinto zokwakha, izitya
I-LDPE: ukupakisha iingxowa zeplastiki, iintyatyambo zeplastiki, izinto zokudlala, iingcingo ezisebenza ngamandla, izinto zokubhala, njl.
3. Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-PE
Eyona nto iphawuleka kakhulu yamacandelo e-PE kukuba anesantya esikhulu sokuncipha kokubumba kwaye athambekele ekuncipheni kunye nokuguqulwa. Izinto ze-PE zinokufunxa amanzi aphantsi kwaye azidingi ukuba zomiswe. I-PE inoluhlu olubanzi lweqondo lokushisa kwaye akukho lula ukubola (iqondo lokushisa lokubola li malunga ne-300 ° C). Ubushushu bokusebenza bungama-180 ukuya kuma-220°C. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwenaliti luphezulu, ukuxinana kwemveliso kuya kuba phezulu kwaye isantya sokuncipha siya kuba sincinci. I-PE ine-fluidity ephakathi, ngoko ke ixesha lokubamba kufuneka libe lide kwaye ukushisa kwesikhunta kufuneka kugcinwe rhoqo (40-70 ° C).
Iqondo le-crystallization ye-PE lihambelana neemeko zenkqubo yokubumba. Inobushushu obuphezulu bokuqina. Iqondo lobushushu lokungunda lisezantsi, kokukhona lisezantsi ikristale. . Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-crystallization, ngenxa ye-anisotropy ye-shrinkage, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lubangelwa, kwaye iinxalenye ze-PE zilula ukuguqula kunye nokuqhekeka. Ukubeka imveliso kwindawo yokuhlambela amanzi kwi-80 ℃ yamanzi ashushu kunokuphumla uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokubumba, ubushushu bezinto eziphathekayo kufuneka bube ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa lokubumba. Uxinzelelo lwenaliti kufuneka lube phantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngelixa uqinisekisa umgangatho wenxalenye. Ukupholisa kwesikhunta sifuneka ngokukodwa ukuba sikhawuleze kwaye silingane, kwaye imveliso kufuneka ishushu xa idilizwe.
Iipolypropylene (PP)
1. Ukusebenza kwePP
I-PP yi-crystalline polymer kunye nobuninzi be-0.91g / cm3 kuphela (ngaphantsi kwamanzi). I-PP yeyona ilula phakathi kweeplastiki ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Phakathi kweeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, i-PP inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kunye nokushisa kwe-deformation ye-80 ukuya kwi-100 ° C kwaye inokubiliswa emanzini abilayo. I-PP inokumelana noxinzelelo oluhle lokuqhekeka kunye nobomi obuphezulu bokugoba, kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yi "100% yeplastiki". ".
Ukusebenza okubanzi kwePP kungcono kunomathiriyeli wePE. Iimveliso zePP zikhaphukhaphu, ziqinile kwaye azinyangeki ngamachiza. Ukungalungi kwePP: ukuchaneka komgangatho ophantsi, ukungonelanga kokuqina, ukunganyangeki kwemozulu embi, kulula ukuvelisa "umonakalo wobhedu", ine-post-shrinkage phenomenon, kwaye iimveliso zithande ukuguga, ziba brittle kwaye zikhubazekile.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwePP
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zasendlini, izivalo zeembiza ezicacileyo, imibhobho yokuhanjiswa kweekhemikhali, izikhongozeli zeekhemikhali, izixhobo zonyango, izinto zokubhala, iithoyi, iifilamente, iikomityi zamanzi, iibhokisi zokutshintsha, imibhobho, iihenjisi, njl.
3. Iimpawu zenkqubo yePP:
I-PP ine-fluidity elungileyo kwiqondo lobushushu lokunyibilika kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokubumba. I-PP ineempawu ezimbini:
Okokuqala: i-viscosity ye-PP iyancibilika iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga le-shear (engaphantsi kwefuthe lokushisa);
Okwesibini: Iqondo le-molecular orientation liphezulu kwaye izinga lokuncipha likhulu.
Ubushushu bokusebenza kwePP bungcono malunga ne-200 ~ 250 ℃. Inozinzo oluhle lwe-thermal (iqondo lobushushu lokubola liyi-310 ℃), kodwa kubushushu obuphezulu (280 ~ 300℃), linokuthomalalisa ukuba lihlala emgqomeni ixesha elide. Ngenxa yokuba i-viscosity ye-PP iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga lokucheba, ukonyusa uxinzelelo lwenaliti kunye nesantya senaliti kuya kuphucula ukumanzi kwayo; ukuphucula i-shrinkage deformation kunye nezibonda, iqondo lokushisa lokungunda kufuneka lilawulwe phakathi koluhlu lwama-35 ukuya kuma-65 ° C. Ubushushu becrystallization yi-120 ~ 125 ℃. I-PP iyanyibilika inokudlula kwisithuba sokungunda esimxinwa kakhulu kwaye senze i-edge ebukhali. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokunyibilika, i-PP idinga ukufunxa ubushushu obukhulu obuncibilikayo (ubushushu obukhethekileyo obukhulu), kwaye umkhiqizo uya kuba shushu emva kokuphuma kwimbumba. Izinto zePP azidingeki ukuba zomiswe ngexesha lokucubungula, kwaye i-shrinkage kunye ne-crystallinity ye-PP iphantsi kunezo ze-PE.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2023