Ukuguqulwa kwemveliso nganye kufana ne-makeup yabantu. Umphezulu kufuneka udityaniswe ngezaleko ezininzi zomxholo ukugqiba inkqubo yokuhlobisa umphezulu. Ubunzima bengubo bubonakaliswa kwii-microns. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ububanzi beenwele bungamashumi asixhenxe okanye amashumi asibhozo eemicrons, kwaye intsimbi yokugquma ingamawaka ambalwa kuyo. Imveliso yenziwe ngokudityaniswa kweentsimbi ezahlukeneyo kwaye ifakwe ngamaleko amaninzi eentsimbi ezahlukeneyo ukugqibezela ukwenza. inkqubo. Eli nqaku lazisa ngokufutshane ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwe-electroplating kunye nokufakwa kombala. Umxholo ubhekiselele kubahlobo abathenga kwaye babonelele ngeenkqubo zezinto zokupakisha ezikumgangatho ophezulu:
I-Electroplating yinkqubo esebenzisa umgaqo we-electrolysis ukuze icwecwe umaleko obhityileyo wezinye isinyithi okanye i-alloys kumphezulu weentsimbi ezithile. Yinkqubo esebenzisa i-electrolysis ukuncamathisela ifilimu yesinyithi kumphezulu wesinyithi okanye ezinye iindawo zokuthintela i-Metal oxidation (efana nomhlwa), iphucula ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, ukuguquguquka, ukubonakalisa, ukuxhathisa umhlwa (iintsimbi ezigqunyiweyo ubukhulu becala ziziintsimbi ezinganyangekiyo kumhlwa. ) kwaye iphucula inkangeleko.
Umgaqo
I-Electroplating idinga i-low-voltage, i-high-current power supply enika amandla kwi-tank ye-electroplating kunye nesixhobo se-electrolytic esinesisombululo se-plating, iinxalenye eziza kuhlanjululwa (i-cathode) kunye ne-anode. Inkqubo ye-electroplating yinkqubo apho i-ion zetsimbi kwisisombululo se-plating ziyancitshiswa kwii-athomu zetsimbi ngokuphendula kwe-electrode phantsi kwesenzo sentsimi yombane yangaphandle, kunye ne-metal deposition eyenziwa kwi-cathode.
Izinto ezisebenzayo
Uninzi lweengubo zokugqoka ziyintsimbi enye okanye i-alloys, njenge-titanium, i-palladium, i-zinc, i-cadmium, igolide okanye ubhedu, ubhedu, njl.; kukho kwakhona i-dispersion layers, njenge-nickel-silicon carbide, i-nickel-fluorinated graphite, njl.; kunye neengqimba zokugquma, njengentsimbi yobhedu-nickel-chromium umaleko kwintsimbi, umaleko wesilivere-idium kwintsimbi, njl njl. Ukongeza kwintsimbi esekwe kwintsimbi, intsimbi kunye nentsimbi engenasici, izixhobo ezisisiseko zokufakwa kwe-electroplating nazo zibandakanya non-intsimbi. iintsimbi, okanye iiplastiki ze-ABS, i-polypropylene, i-polysulfone kunye neeplastiki zephenolic. Nangona kunjalo, iiplastiki kufuneka zisebenze ngokukodwa kunye nonyango lokuvuselela phambi kwe-electroplating.
Ukufaka umbala
1) Ukufakwa kwentsimbi exabisekileyo: njengeplatinam, igolide, i-palladium, isilivere;
2) Ukufakwa kwesinyithi ngokubanzi: njengeplatinam yokuxelisa, umpu omnyama, i-cobalt ye-nickel-free, ubhedu lwamandulo, ubhedu olubomvu lwamandulo, isilivere yamandulo, i-tin yamandulo, njl.
Ngokobunzima benkqubo
I-1) Imibala ye-plating ngokubanzi: iplatinum, igolide, i-palladium, isilivere, iplatinam yokuxelisa, umpu omnyama, i-nickel-free tin cobalt, i-pearl nickel, i-peyinti emnyama;
2) I-plating ekhethekileyo: i-antique plating (kubandakanywa ne-oiled patina, i-patina edayiweyo, i-patina ene-threaded threaded), imibala emibini, i-sandblasting plating, i-brush line plating, njl.
1 iplatinam
Yintsimbi ebiza kakhulu kwaye enqabileyo. Umbala umhlophe okwesibhakabhaka. Inezakhiwo ezizinzileyo, ukumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nexesha elide lokugcinwa kombala. Ngomnye weyona mibala ibalaseleyo ye-electroplating. Ubukhulu bungaphezulu kwe-0.03 microns, kwaye i-palladium isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengomaleko ongezantsi ukuze ube nefuthe elihle le-synergistic, kwaye itywina linokugcinwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-5.
2 iplatinam yokulinganisa
Intsimbi ye-electroplating yi-copper-tin alloy (Cu / Zn), kunye neplatinam yokuxelisa ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-white copper-tin. Umbala usondele kakhulu kwigolide emhlophe kwaye umthubi kancinci kunegolide emhlophe. Izinto eziphathekayo zithambile kwaye zidlamkile, kwaye ukugquma komhlaba kulula ukucima. Ukuba ivaliwe, inokushiywa isiqingatha sonyaka.
3 igolide
Igolide (Au) sisinyithi esixabisekileyo. I-plating yokuhlobisa eqhelekileyo. Imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yezithako iza ngemibala eyahlukeneyo: 24K, 18K, 14K. Kwaye kulo myalelo ukusuka kumthubi ukuya eluhlaza, kuya kubakho ukungafani kombala phakathi kobunzima obahlukeneyo. Inezakhiwo ezizinzileyo kwaye ubunzima bayo ngokuqhelekileyo yi-1/4-1/6 yeplatinam. Ukumelana kwayo nokunxiba kuphakathi. Ke ngoko, ubomi beshelufu yombala wayo buphakathi. Igolide eRose yenziwe ngealloyi yegolide yobhedu. Ngokomlinganiselo, umbala uphakathi kwegolide tyheli kunye nobomvu. Xa ithelekiswa nezinye iigolide, yona idlamkile, kunzima ukuyilawula, yaye ngokufuthi iba nokwahluka kwemibala. Ixesha lokugcinwa kombala nalo alilunganga njengeminye imibala yegolide kwaye litshintsha umbala ngokulula.
4 isilivere
Isilivere (Ag) yintsimbi emhlophe esebenza kakhulu. Isilivere iwutshintsha ngokulula umbala xa ivezwe kwiisulfides kunye neekloridi emoyeni. Ukufakwa kwesilivere ngokubanzi kusebenzisa ukukhuselwa kwe-electrolytic kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-electrophoresis ukuqinisekisa ubomi bokutya. Phakathi kwazo, ubomi benkonzo yokhuseleko lwe-electrophoresis bude kunobo be-electrolysis, kodwa bubutyheli, iimveliso ezikhazimlayo ziya kuba neepinhole ezincinci, kwaye iindleko ziya kunyuka. I-Electrophoresis yenziwe kwi-150 ° C, kwaye iimveliso ezikhuselweyo akulula ukuphinda zisebenze kwaye zihlala zichithwa. I-electrophoresis yesilivere inokugcinwa ngaphezu kwe-1 unyaka ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kombala.
5 umpu omnyama
Metal material nickel/zinc alloy Ni/Zn), ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumpu omnyama okanye omnyama nickel. Umbala wokucwenga umnyama, ungwevu kancinci. Ukuzinza komphezulu kulungile, kodwa kulungele ukufaka imibala kumanqanaba aphantsi. Lo mbala wokucwenga ngokwawo uqulathe i-nickel kwaye awukwazi ukusetyenziselwa i-nickel-free plating. Ukufakwa kombala akulula ukuphinda usebenze kunye nokuguqula.
6 nickels
I-Nickel (Ni) ingwevu-mhlophe kwaye yintsimbi enoxinano olugqwesileyo kunye nokuqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa njengoluhlu lokutywina kwi-electroplating ukuphucula ubomi benkonzo ye-electroplating. Inesakhono esilungileyo sokucocwa kwiatmosfera kwaye iyakwazi ukuxhathisa umhlwa ovela emoyeni. I-nickel inzima kwaye i-brittle, ngoko ke ayifanelekanga kwiimveliso ezifuna ukuguqulwa ngexesha le-electroplating. Xa iimveliso ze-nickel-plated zikhubazekile, ukugquma kuya kukhupha. I-nickel inokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle kwesikhumba kwabanye abantu.
7 Ukufakwa kwetoti-cobalt okungasebenzisi nickel
Izinto eziphathekayo yi-tin-cobalt alloy (Sn / Co). Umbala umnyama, kufutshane nompu omnyama (ongwevu kancinci kunompu omnyama), kwaye yiplating emnyama engenanikeli. Umphezulu uzinzile, kwaye umgangatho ophantsi we-electroplating ulungele umbala. Ukufakwa kombala akulula ukuphinda usebenze kunye nokuguqula.
8 ipearl nickel
Isixhobo sayo yi-nickel, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-sand nickel. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengomaleko obekwe ngaphambili wenkqubo yombala wenkungu. Umbala ongwevu, umphezulu wesipili ongakhazimli, kunye nenkangeleko ethambileyo efana nenkungu, njenge satin. Iqondo le-atomization alizinzanga. Ngaphandle kokukhuselwa okukhethekileyo, ngenxa yempembelelo yezixhobo zokwenza isanti, kunokubakho i-discoloration ekudibaneni nolusu.
9 umbala wenkungu
Isekelwe kwi-pearl nickel ukongeza umbala ongaphezulu. Inefuthe lenkungu kwaye i-matte. Indlela yayo ye-electroplating i-pre-plated pearl nickel. Ngenxa yokuba impembelelo ye-atomization ye-pearl nickel kunzima ukuyilawula, umbala ongaphezulu awuhambelani kwaye uthambekele kumahluko wombala. Lo mbala wokucwenga awunakusetyenziswa nge-nickel-free plating okanye ngelitye emva kokubekwa. Lo mbala we-plating ulula kwi-oxidize, ngoko ke ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhuseleni.
I-10 yokufaka i-brush yocingo
Emva kokutyalwa kobhedu, imigca ihlanjululwe ngobhedu, emva koko umbala womphezulu wongezwa. Kukho ingqiqo yemigca. Umbala wenkangeleko yayo ngokusisiseko uyafana nowombala weplating ngokubanzi, kodwa umahluko kukuba kukho imigca kumphezulu. Iingcingo zokubrasha azinakuba yi-nickel-free plating. Ngenxa ye-nickel-free plating, ubomi babo abunakuqinisekiswa.
11 ukuqhushumba kwesanti
I-Sandblasting yenye yeendlela zombala wenkungu ye-electroplating. I-copper plating ikhutshwe ngesanti kwaye emva koko i-electroplated. Umphezulu we-matte unesihlabathi, kwaye umbala ofanayo we-matte ubonakala ngakumbi kunempembelelo yesanti. Njengokwenza ibhrashi, i-nickel-free plating ayinakwenziwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-23-2023