Ngokuphucuka okuqhubekayo kolwazi ngendalo esingqongileyo, ishishini lezinto zokuthambisa likwazise utshintsho oluluhlaza ekupakisheni. Ukupakisha kweplastiki okusekelwe kwi-petroleum yendabuko akudli nje kuphela izixhobo ezininzi ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso, kodwa kukwabangela ungcoliseko olukhulu lwendalo esingqongileyo ngexesha lonyango emva kokusetyenziswa. Ke ngoko, ukuphonononga izixhobo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo kube yingxaki ebalulekileyo kwishishini lezinto zokuthambisa.
Iiplastiki ezisekwe kwi-petroliyam
Iiplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum luhlobo lwezinto zeplastiki ezenziwe ngamafutha efosili afana ne-petroleum. Zine-plasticity elungileyo kunye neempawu zoomatshini, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, iiplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum ziquka ezi ntlobo zilandelayo ziqhelekileyo:
I-Polyethylene (PE)
I-Polypropylene (PP)
I-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
I-Polystyrene (PS)
I-Polycarbonate (iPC)
Iiplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum zilawula ukupakishwa kwezithambiso ngenxa yokuba zilula, zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zingabizi kakhulu. Iiplastiki ezisekelwe kwi-petroleum zinamandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima, zinokumelana ngcono neekhemikhali kwaye zisebenza ngcono kuneeplastiki zemveli. Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kwezi zinto kufuna izixa ezikhulu zezixhobo ze-petroleum, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukuncipha kwezixhobo zomhlaba kube nzima. Ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ekhutshwayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa kuphezulu kwaye kunempembelelo ethile kwindalo esingqongileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukupakishwa kweplastiki kudla ngokulahlwa ngokungacwangciswanga emva kokusetyenziswa kwaye kunzima ukubola emva kokungena kwindalo esingqongileyo, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo omkhulu emhlabeni, kwimithombo yamanzi nakwizilwanyana zasendle.
Izisombululo zoyilo ezintsha zokupakisha ezizinzileyo
Iplastiki ephinde yasetyenziswa
Iplastiki ephinda isetyenziswe luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezenziwe ngeplastiki elahliweyo ngeenkqubo ezifana nokutyumza, ukucoca, kunye nokunyibilikisa. Ineempawu ezifanayo nezeplastiki engazange ivele ngaphambili, kodwa isebenzisa izixhobo ezimbalwa kakhulu kwimveliso yayo. Ukusebenzisa iiplastiki eziphinda isetyenziswe njengezinto zokupakisha zokuhombisa akunakunciphisa kuphela ukuxhomekeka kwizixhobo zepetroliyam, kodwa kunciphisa nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso.
Iiplastiki zebhayoloji
I-Bioplastic yinto yeplastiki ecutshungulwa kwizixhobo ze-biomass (ezifana nesitatshi, i-cellulose, njl.njl.) ngokusebenzisa ukubiliswa kwezinto eziphilayo, ukwenziwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Ineempawu ezifanayo nezeplastiki zemveli, kodwa inokonakala ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yendalo kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-bioplastics zivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iingca zezityalo, inkunkuma yomthi, njl.njl., kwaye ivuseleleka kakhulu.
Ezinye izinto zokupakisha
Ukongeza kwiiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nee-bioplastics, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi zokupakisha ezizinzileyo ezikhoyo. Umzekelo, izinto zokupakisha zephepha zineengenelo zokuba zilula, ziphinde zisetyenziswe kwaye zibole, kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwiphakheji yangaphakathi yezinto zokuthambisa. Nangona izinto zokupakisha zeglasi zinzima, ziqinile kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukupakisha izinto zokuthambisa eziphezulu. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izinto ezintsha ezidityanisiweyo ezisekelwe kwi-bio, izinto ezidityanisiweyo zesinyithi, njl.njl., ezikwabonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokupakisha izinto zokuthambisa.
Iimpawu kunye nabathengi bafezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo
Ukufezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lokupakisha izinto zokuthambisa kufuna imizamo edibeneyo yeempawu kunye nabathengi. Ngokuphathelele iimpawu, izixhobo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo kunye netekhnoloji kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zisetyenziswe ukunciphisa impembelelo embi yokupakisha kwindalo esingqongileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, iimpawu kufuneka ziqinise imfundo yokusingqongileyo kubathengi kwaye zikhokele abathengi ukuba baseke iingcamango zokusetyenziswa okuluhlaza. Abathengi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwizinto zokupakisha zeemveliso kwaye banike kuqala iimveliso ezinokupakisha okuzinzileyo. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ubungakanani bokupakisha obusetyenzisiweyo kufuneka buncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukupakisha inkunkuma kufuneka kuhlulwe kwaye kulahlwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, utshintsho oluluhlaza lokupakisha izinto zokuthambisa yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuba imboni yezinto zokuthambisa ifikelele kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokwamkela izixhobo zokupakisha ezizinzileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokuqinisa imfundo yokusingqongileyo, iimpawu kunye nabathengi banokuncedisana kwikamva leplanethi.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-15-2024
