Ipapashwe ngoSeptemba 27, 2024 nguYidan Zhong
Zithini izongezo zeplastiki?
Izongezo zeplastiki ziikhompawundi zendalo okanye ezenziwe ngezinto ezingaphiliyo okanye zendalo ezitshintsha iimpawu zeplastiki ecocekileyo okanye zongeze iimpawu ezintsha. Abavelisi baxuba i-resin kunye nee-masterbatches zokongeza ngokwemilinganiselo ethile ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zemveliso, baze bavelise izinto ezahlukeneyo. Emva kokucubungula nge-casting, compression, molding, njl.njl., umxube wokuqala uthatha imo oyifunayo.
Ukuxuba izongezo ezahlukeneyo neegranule zeplastiki kunokunika iipropati ezahlukeneyo kwiplastiki, ezinje ngokuqina okwandisiweyo, ubushushu obungcono, kunye nokugqitywa okukhazimlayo. Ukongeza izongezo kwiplastiki akwenzi nje kuphela izinto zeplastiki zibe lula kodwa kukwaphucula nombala wazo, okwenza imveliso ithembeke ngakumbi kubasebenzisi. Yiyo loo nto i-90%iimveliso zeplastikiIi-additives zisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela, njengoko iplastiki ecocekileyo idla ngokungabi namandla, ukuqina, kunye nokuqina. Ii-additives kufuneka zidityaniswe ukuze iplastiki ihlale ixesha elide phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo.
Ziziphi izongezo zeplastiki ezixhaphakileyo namhlanje?
1. Izongezo ezichasene nokuthintela (ezichasene nokuncamathelisa)
Ukunamathela kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukucutshungulwa kwefilimu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, ngamanye amaxesha kwenze ifilimu ingasebenzi. Izongezo ezithintela ukuvalwa ziyawurhawuzelela umphezulu wefilimu ukuze zenze isiphumo sokunwebeka, zinciphise ukudibana phakathi kweefilimu kwaye zithintele ukuba zinamathele kunye.
Iiarhente ezithintela ukuvalwa kufuneka zisebenze kakuhle kakhulu, zibe nomgangatho othembekileyo kunye nozinzo, zibe nefuthe elincinci okanye zingabi nampembelelo kwaphela ekusebenzeni kwefilimu, ingakumbi kwiifilimu ze-LLDPE kunye ne-LDPE. Iiarhente ezithintela ukuvalwa zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye neearhente ezityibilikayo ukudala indawo efanelekileyo yokucubungula iifilimu.
Izithako eziqhelekileyo zezongezo ezithintela ukuvimba ziquka i-silica yokwenziwa (i-SiO2) efana ne-silica efumileyo, i-gel silica, kunye ne-zeolite, okanye i-SiO2 yendalo kunye neminerali efana nodongwe, i-diatomaceous earth, i-quartz, kunye ne-talc. Izinto zokwenziwa zinenzuzo yokuba azibi yi-crystalline (ziphephe uthuli olufana netshokolethi), ngelixa izinto zendalo zifuna unyango olukhethekileyo ukunciphisa uthuli.
2. Iiarhente zokucacisa
Ngexesha lokucubungula, izinto ezifana nezizalisi okanye iplastiki ephinda isetyenziswe zinokunciphisa ukubonakala kwemveliso. Iiarhente zokucacisa zibonelela ngesisombululo, zinyusa ukukhanya kwemveliso ngelixa zinciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.
Iiarhente zokucacisa zinokuphucula ukucaca ngesantya esiphantsi ngelixa zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinokubakho ngokunciphisa ixesha lomjikelo kunye nokonga amandla. Azichaphazeli kakubi ukuwelda, ukunamathela, okanye eminye imisebenzi yokucubungula.
3. Izizalisi zeplastiki
I-masterbatch ye-plastic filler, edla ngokusekwe kwi-calcium carbonate (CaCO3), isetyenziswa kwishishini leplastiki ukutshintsha iimpawu zeeresini okanye ii-polymer resins, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
Umxube wepowder yelitye, izongezo, kunye ne-resin ephambili iyanyibilikiswa ibe yi-resin engamanzi ize ipholiswe ibe zii-granules, ezithi emva koko zixutywe neplastiki eluhlaza ukuze kwenziwe iinkqubo ezifana nokubumba, ukujikelezisa, kunye nokubumba ngenaliti ukuvelisa iimveliso zeplastiki.
Xa kusetyenzwa iplastiki yePP, izinto ezifana nokushwabana kunye nokugoba zihlala zichaphazela umgangatho wemveliso. Izinto eziqinisa ukuqina zinceda ukukhawulezisa ukubumba imveliso, ukunciphisa ukugoba, kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala. Zikwanciphisa imijikelo yokushicilela, ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
4. Iziqinisi ze-UV (izongezo ze-UV)
Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kunokuqhawula iibhondi kwiipolymers, okubangela ukuwohloka kwe-photochemical kwaye kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwetshokhwe, ukutshintsha kombala, kunye nokulahleka kwepropathi ebonakalayo. Iziqinisi ze-UV ezifana neziqinisi ze-amine ezithintelweyo (ii-HALS) zithintela ii-free radicals ezibangela ukuwohloka, ngaloo ndlela zandisa ubomi bemveliso.
5. Izongezo ezichasene ne-static
Ngexesha lokucubungula, iigranule zeplastiki zivelisa umbane ongashukumiyo, zitsala uthuli kumphezulu. Izongezo ezichasene nokushukuma zinciphisa umbane womphezulu wefilimu, ziphucula ukhuseleko kwaye zinciphisa ukuqokelelwa kothuli.
Iintlobo:
Izinto ezichasene ne-statics ezingapheliyo: izinto ezisetyenziswa kumphezulu, iityuwa zendalo, i-ethylene glycol, i-polyethylene glycol
Ii-anti-statics ezihlala ixesha elide: ii-polyhydroxy polyamines (PHPA), ii-polyalkyl copolymers
6. Izongezo ezichasene nokugcinwa kwekhekhe
Iifilimu zihlala zinamathelana ngenxa yamandla okuncamathela, iitshaja ezichaseneyo, okanye amandla okucoca i-vacuum, okwenza kube nzima ukuzihlukanisa. Izongezo ezichasene nokugquma zenza umphezulu wefilimu ukrwada ukuvumela umoya ukuba uthintele ukuxinana. Ezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo zibandakanya izinto ezichasene nokunganyakazi ukuthintela ukwakheka kwetshaja.
7. Izongezo ezithintela ilangatye
Iiplastiki zitsha kakhulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo se-carbon-chain molecular. Izinto ezithintela ilangatye ziphucula ukumelana nomlilo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokwenza iileya zokukhusela okanye ukucima ii-free radicals.
Izinto ezithintela ilangatye eziqhelekileyo:
Izinto ezithintela ilangatye ezineHalogenated
Izinto eziphuma kwi-DOPO
Izinto ezingaphiliyo: i-aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3), i-magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), i-phosphorus ebomvu
Izinto eziphilayo: iiphosphates
8. Izongezo ezichasene nenkungu
Izinto ezithintela ukunkungu zithintela amanzi ukuba angangeni kumphezulu weefilimu zeplastiki ngendlela yamathontsi, nto leyo edla ngokubonwa kwiipakethe zokutya ezigcinwe kwiifriji okanye kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo. Ezi zinto zigcina ukucaca kwaye zithintela ukunkungu.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokulwa nenkungu:
I-PLA (i-polylactic acid)
I-Lanxess AF DP1-1701
9. Izikhanyisi ze-Optical
Izikhanyisi ze-optical, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-fluorescent whiteners, zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukufunxa ukukhanya kwe-UV nokukhupha ukukhanya okubonakalayo, nto leyo ephucula ukubonakala kweemveliso zeplastiki. Oku kunceda ekunciphiseni ukutshintsha kombala, ingakumbi kwiiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo, okwenza imibala ikhanye kwaye ikhanye ngakumbi.
Izikhanyisi ze-optical eziqhelekileyo: OB-1, OB, KCB, FP (127), KSN, KB.
10. Izongezo ezixhasa ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo
Iiplastiki zithatha ixesha elide ukubola, nto leyo edala imingeni yokusingqongileyo. Izongezo ze-biodegradation, ezifana neReverte, zinceda ukukhawulezisa ukubola kweplastiki phantsi kweempembelelo zokusingqongileyo ezifana neoksijini, ukukhanya kwelanga, kunye nobushushu.
Ezi zongezo zinceda ekuguquleni iiplastiki ezingaboliyo zibe zizinto ezinokuboliyo, ezifana nezinto zendalo ezifana namagqabi okanye izityalo, nto leyo enegalelo ekuzinzeni kwendalo.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-27-2024
