I-Polyethylene (PE)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PE
I-PE iyipulasitiki ekhiqizwa kakhulu phakathi kwamapulastiki, enesisindo esingaba ngu-0.94g/cm3. Ibonakala ngokushintshashintsha, ukuthambile, ukungabi nabuthi, ukushibhile, futhi kulula ukusetshenzwa. I-PE iyi-polymer ye-crystalline ejwayelekile futhi ine-post-shrinkage phenomenon. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zayo, ezivame ukusetshenziswa yi-LDPE ethambile (eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi irabha ethambile noma impahla yezimbali), i-HDPE eyaziwa ngokuthi irabha ethambile eqinile, eqinile kune-LDPE, inokudluliswa kokukhanya okungekuhle kanye nokucwebezela okuphezulu. ; I-LLDPE inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, okufana nepulasitiki yobunjiniyela. I-PE inokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali, akulula ukugqwala, futhi kunzima ukuyiphrinta. Ingaphezulu lidinga ukufakwa i-oxidized ngaphambi kokuphrinta.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PER
I-HDPE: ukupakisha izikhwama zepulasitiki, izidingo zansuku zonke, amabhakede, izintambo, amathoyizi, izinto zokwakha, iziqukathi
I-LDPE: ukupakisha izikhwama zepulasitiki, izimbali zepulasitiki, amathoyizi, izintambo ezihamba ngamaza aphezulu, izinto zokubhala, njll.
3. Izici zenqubo ye-PE
Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sezingxenye ze-PE ukuthi zinenani elikhulu lokuncibilika lokubumba futhi zijwayele ukuncipha nokuguqulwa. Izinto ze-PE zinokumuncwa okuphansi kwamanzi futhi azidingi ukomiswa. I-PE inebanga lokushisa elibanzi lokucubungula futhi akulula ukubola (izinga lokushisa lokubola licishe libe ngu-300°C). Izinga lokushisa lokucubungula lingu-180 kuya ku-220°C. Uma ingcindezi yomjovo iphezulu, ukuminyana komkhiqizo kuzoba phezulu futhi izinga lokuncipha lizoba lincane. I-PE ine-fluidity ephakathi, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokubamba sidinga ukuba side futhi izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele ligcinwe lingashintshi (40-70 ° C).
Izinga le-crystallization ye-PE lihlobene nezimo zenqubo yokubumba. Inezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuqina. Ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwesikhunta, i-crystallinity iyancipha. . Phakathi nenqubo ye-crystallization, ngenxa ye-anisotropy ye-shrinkage, ukugxila kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kubangelwa, futhi izingxenye ze-PE zilula ukuguqula nokuqhekeka. Ukufaka umkhiqizo kubhavu wamanzi ku-80℃ emanzini ashisayo kungaphumuza ingcindezi yangaphakathi ngezinga elithile. Phakathi nenqubo yokubumba, izinga lokushisa lempahla kufanele libe ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lesikhunta. Ukucindezela komjovo kufanele kube phansi ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ikhwalithi yengxenye. Ukupholisa kwesikhunta kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ukuba kusheshe futhi kulingane, futhi umkhiqizo kufanele ushise uma udilizwa.
I-Polypropylene (PP)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PP
I-PP iyi-polymer ecwebezelayo enobuningi obungu-0.91g/cm3 kuphela (ngaphansi kwamanzi). I-PP ilula kakhulu phakathi kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu. Phakathi kwamapulasitiki ajwayelekile, i-PP inokumelana nokushisa okungcono kakhulu, ngokushisa kwe-deformation yokushisa kwe-80 kuya ku-100 ° C futhi ingabiliswa emanzini abilayo. I-PP inokumelana okuhle nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi nempilo yokukhathala egobayo, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "ipulasitiki engu-100%. ".
Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-PP kungcono kunokwezinto ze-PE. Imikhiqizo ye-PP ayisindi, iqinile futhi imelana namakhemikhali. Ukungalungi kwe-PP: ukunemba okuphansi kwe-dimensional, ukuqina okunganele, ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibi, ukukhiqiza kalula "ukulimala kwethusi", kunezinto ezenzeka ngemuva kokuncipha, futhi imikhiqizo ijwayele ukuguga, iba brittle futhi ikhubazekile.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PP
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto zasendlini, izivalo zamabhodwe asobala, amapayipi okulethwa amakhemikhali, iziqukathi zamakhemikhali, izinto zokwelapha, izinto zokubhala, amathoyizi, imicu, izinkomishi zamanzi, amabhokisi okushintsha, amapayipi, amahinge, njll.
3. Izici zenqubo ye-PP:
I-PP ine-fluidity enhle ekushiseni okuncibilikayo nokusebenza okuhle kokubumba. I-PP inezici ezimbili:
Okokuqala: i-viscosity ye-PP iyancibilika iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga le-shear (okungathinteki kancane ukushisa);
Okwesibili: Izinga le-molecular orientation liphezulu futhi izinga lokuncipha likhulu.
Izinga lokushisa lokucubungula le-PP lingcono cishe ku-200 ~ 250 ℃. Inokuqina okuhle kokushisa (izinga lokushisa lokubola lingu-310 ℃), kodwa ekushiseni okuphezulu (280~300℃), lingehlisa izinga uma lihlala emgqonyeni isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yokuthi i-viscosity ye-PP iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga le-shear, ukwandisa ingcindezi yomjovo kanye nesivinini somjovo kuzothuthukisa uketshezi lwawo; ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuwohloka kokuncipha kanye namadentity, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kwebanga elingu-35 kuya ku-65°C. Izinga lokushisa crystallization kuyinto 120 ~ 125 ℃. I-PP melt ingadlula igebe lesikhunta elincane kakhulu futhi yakhe umphetho obukhali. Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika, i-PP idinga ukumunca inani elikhulu lokushisa elincibilikayo (ukushisa okukhulu okuqondile), futhi umkhiqizo uzoshisa kakhulu ngemva kokuphuma esikhunjeni. Izinto ze-PP azidingeki zomiswe ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, futhi i-shrinkage ne-crystallinity ye-PP iphansi kune-PE.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-28-2023