Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, imboni yezimonyo nayo ingenise inguquko eluhlaza ekupakisheni. Ukupakisha kwepulasitiki okusekelwe kuphethiloli kwendabuko akugcini nje ngokudla izinsiza eziningi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi kubangela ukungcola okukhulu kwemvelo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola izinto zokupakisha eziqhubekayo sekuyinkinga ebalulekile embonini yezimonyo.
Amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum
Amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum awuhlobo lwezinto zepulasitiki ezenziwe ngama-fossil fuel njenge-petroleum. Ane-plasticity enhle kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene. Ngokukhethekile, amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum afaka izinhlobo ezilandelayo ezivamile:
I-Polyethylene (PE)
I-Polypropylene (PP)
I-Polyvinyl chloride (i-PVC)
I-Polystyrene (PS)
I-Polycarbonate (PC)
Amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum abusa kakhulu ekupakisheni kwezimonyo ngenxa yokuthi alula, ahlala isikhathi eside futhi angabizi kakhulu. Amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum anamandla nobunzima obukhulu, ukumelana namakhemikhali okungcono kanye nokucutshungulwa okungcono kunepulasitiki yendabuko. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu kudinga inani elikhulu lemithombo kaphethiloli, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuncipha kwemithombo yomhlaba. Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza kuphezulu futhi kunomthelela othile emvelweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki kuvame ukulahlwa ngokungahleliwe ngemva kokusetshenziswa futhi kunzima ukuwohloka ngemva kokungena endaweni yemvelo, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu enhlabathini, emithonjeni yamanzi nasezilwaneni zasendle.
Izixazululo zokuklama ezintsha zokupakisha okusimeme
Ipulasitiki ephinde yasetshenziswa
Ipulasitiki ephinde yasetshenziswa uhlobo olusha lwezinto ezenziwe ngamapulasitiki angcolile ngezinqubo ezifana nokuchoboza, ukuhlanza, nokuncibilikisa. Inezakhiwo ezifanayo nepulasitiki engeyona i-virgin, kodwa isebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwayo. Ukusebenzisa amapulasitiki aphinde asetshenziswa njengezinto zokupakisha zezimonyo akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukuncika ezinsizeni zikaphethiloli, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza.
Ama-bioplastics
I-Bioplastic iyinto yepulasitiki ecutshungulwa ngemithombo ye-biomass (njengesitashi, i-cellulose, njll.) ngokubilisa ngebhayoloji, ukwenziwa kanye nezinye izinqubo. Inezakhiwo ezifanayo nepulasitiki yendabuko, kodwa ingawohloka ngokushesha endaweni yemvelo futhi inobungani nemvelo. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-bioplastics zivela emithonjeni eyahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi utshani bezitshalo, imfucuza yezinkuni, njll., futhi ivuseleleka kakhulu.
Izinto zokupakisha ezihlukile
Ngaphezu kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswe kabusha kanye nama-bioplastic, kunezinye izinto eziningi zokupakisha ezihlala isikhathi eside ezitholakalayo. Isibonelo, izinto zokupakisha zephepha zinezinzuzo zokuba lula, ziphinde zisetshenziswe futhi zibole, futhi zifanele ukusetshenziswa ekupakisheni kwangaphakathi kwezimonyo. Nakuba izinto zokupakisha zengilazi zinzima, ziqinile futhi ziphinde zisetshenziswe futhi futhi zingasetshenziswa ekupakisheni izimonyo zezinga eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinto ezintsha ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-bio, izinto ezihlanganisiwe zensimbi, njll., eziphinde zinikeze izinketho eziningi zokupakisha izimonyo.
Imikhiqizo kanye nabathengi ngokubambisana bafeza intuthuko esimeme
Ukufeza intuthuko eqhubekayo yokupakisha izimonyo kudinga imizamo ehlangene yemikhiqizo nabathengi. Ngokuphathelene nemikhiqizo, izinto zokupakisha eziqhubekayo kanye nobuchwepheshe kufanele kuhlolwe ngenkuthalo futhi kusetshenziswe ukunciphisa umthelela omubi wokupakisha emvelweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imikhiqizo kufanele futhi iqinise imfundo yezemvelo kubathengi futhi iqondise abathengi ukuthi basungule imiqondo yokusebenzisa okuluhlaza. Abathengi kufanele banake izinto zokupakisha zemikhiqizo futhi banikeze kuqala imikhiqizo enokupakisha okuzinzile. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, inani lokupakisha elisetshenziswayo kufanele lincishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukupakisha imfucuza kufanele kuhlukaniswe kahle futhi kulahlwe.
Ngamafuphi, inguquko eluhlaza yokupakisha izimonyo iyindlela ebalulekile yokuthi imboni yezimonyo ifinyelele intuthuko esimeme. Ngokwamukela izinto zokupakisha ezisimeme kanye nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqinisa imfundo yezemvelo, izinhlobo kanye nabathengi bangafaka isandla ngokubambisana ekusaseni lomhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-15-2024
